Cheat Sheet: The Netherlands

1. General Information

  • Official language: Dutch (English is widely spoken).
  • Capital: Amsterdam (but The Hague is the seat of government).
  • Population: ~17.5 million.
  • Cycling: Bicycles are the main mode of transportation. The Netherlands has more bikes than people!

2. Values and Customs

  • Directness: The Dutch are known for their honesty and direct communication. It’s not considered rude but rather efficient and open.
  • Equality: Everyone is seen as equal. Formal address forms (like “u”) are less often used by younger people and in informal settings.
  • Time and punctuality: Being on time is important. Even being a few minutes late can be seen as impolite.

3. Social Interaction

  • Greetings: Handshakes for formal meetings. Informally, often a nod or a “Hoi!” (Hi!).
  • Three kisses: On birthdays or special occasions, people sometimes exchange three air kisses, alternating cheeks.

4. Food and Drinks

  • Typical dishes: Stroopwafels, bitterballen, herring (haring), and pea soup (erwtensoep).
  • Eating culture: Breakfast and lunch are often simple (bread with cheese or spreads), while dinner is a warm meal.
  • Coffee and tea: Coffee is essential! It’s usually served black or with milk.

5. Practical Tips

  • OV-chipkaart: Used for public transportation (bus, train, tram, metro). Don’t forget to check in and out!
  • Supermarkets: AH, Jumbo, and Lidl are popular. Some stores are closed on Sundays.
  • Cycling traffic: Always use the bike lanes and watch out for cyclists—they often have the right of way.

6. Holidays and Traditions

  • King’s Day (April 27): The biggest national holiday, with markets and parties in orange.
  • Liberation Day (May 5): Celebrates freedom after WWII.
  • Sinterklaas (December 5): A precursor to Santa Claus, with gifts and poems.

7. Things to Avoid

  • Being late: Punctuality is highly valued.
  • Talking about money: Discussing salaries or other financial matters is often considered private.
  • Uninvited informality: Use “u” (formal “you”) with older people or in formal settings unless they tell you to use “je” (informal “you”).

8. Language and Communication

  • Many Dutch people speak English: You can often get by with English, but learning some Dutch is appreciated.
  • Useful phrases:
    • Hallo / Hoi: Hello.
    • Dank je wel / Bedankt: Thank you.
    • Alsjeblieft: Please / Here you go.

9. Emergency Numbers

  • Emergency number: 112.
  • General practitioner or medical help: Find a local “huisarts” (doctor) for non-urgent medical issues.

10. Fun Facts

  • The Netherlands is famous for its flower exports, especially tulips.
  • The Dutch drink a lot of milk and consume an average of 17 kilos of cheese per person per year.
  • Tap water is drinkable everywhere!